Blackwell Reference Online

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[ xix ] A S ufi order which traces its origins to ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani in 12th-century Baghdad and which spread throughout the Muslim world. It was through the Qadiri S haikh Sidi al-Mukhtar al-Kunti (1729–1811) that organized Sufism penetrated into west Africa and led to the establishment of many sub-branches. The J ihad leader, ‘Uthman dan Fodio (1754–1817), was a Qadiri, as were many of his followers ( see A frica, islam in ). The Murids of Senegal, founded by Amadu Bamba (d. 1927), are a branch of the Qadiris, whose international network of zawiyas now extends to many of the major cities of Europe and America, where Murids engage in petty trade and commerce. [63; 90; 125] ... log in or subscribe to read full text