Blackwell Reference Online

Extract

(1875–1961) Swiss psychiatrist, depth psychologist, founder of the school of thought termed “analytical psychology.” It was in 1907 that Jung and Sigmund Freud first met in Vienna, and Jung became interested in Freud's work in P sychoanalysis . By 1909, however, the two men had experienced a rupture after an extended residence together at Clark University in Massachusetts, and by 1913 they had broken definitively following the publication of Jung's Transformation and Symbols of the Libido (renamed Symbols of Transformation ). There were three fundamental reasons for the split. First, Jung was unable to accept Freud's concept of libido as being limited to sexual energy , believing instead in an energizing theory based on a principle of opposite (1969a, pp. 18ff.). Jung conceived of the psyche as a dynamic, self-regulating system whose energy (or libido) grows out of a tension that flows between two opposing poles; to discover what something means, one must constantly attend to its obverse or opposite. The second major point of contention between Freud and Jung concerned the way the U nconscious content was to be interpreted symbolically, whether as the sole reflection of a personal conflict, or as the manifestation of a collective aspect of the individual psyche whose contents are repeated through myriad universal myths. Freud could not formally embrace this view, mostly ... log in or subscribe to read full text