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(1853–1937) Russian author and new martyr . A prominent aristocrat, Seraphim served in the military during the 1877–8 war against Turkey. He was promoted colonel in the artillery and entrusted with the organization of medical care and other charities for veterans, orphans of war and families connected to the forces. Influenced by John of Kronstadt (d. 1908), Seraphim took his family to Moscow in 1891 and was ordained. After he was widowed in 1895 he joined the Holy Trinity monastery but continued writing. Seraphim was responsible for supervising the celebrations to mark the canonization of seraphim of sarov in 1903. He was consecrated bishop in 1905, transferred to Kishinev in 1908 and became archbishop of Tver in 1912. In 1918 Seraphim was elected metropolitan of Warsaw but was refused permission to enter Poland. First arrested in 1922, he was only released in 1927 when he expressed support for Metropolitan Sergii Starogorodskii (d. 1944). Between 1928 and 1933 Seraphim was metropolitan of Leningrad; he was rearrested and executed during the purges. Seraphim is commemorated on 11 December. ( 1989 ), ‘ Seraphim Chichagov ’, Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate 2 . ... log in or subscribe to read full text